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Endoscopic foreign body retrieval refers to the removal of ingested objects from the esophagus, stomach and duodenum by endoscopic techniques. It does not involve surgery, but rather encompasses a variety of techniques employed through the gastroscope for grasping foreign bodies, manipulating them, and removing them while protecting the esophagus and trachea. It is of particular importance with children, people with mental illness, and prison inmates as these groups have a high rate of foreign body ingestion. Commonly swallowed objects include coins, buttons, batteries, and small bones (such as fish bones),〔 but can include more complex objects, such as eyeglasses,〔Grover SC, Kim YI, Kortan PP, Marcon NE. Endoscopic removal of eight gastric foreign bodies ingested sequentially in twelve days: a case of creative endoscopy. Abstract presented at ''World Congress of Gastroenterology'', Montreal, Canada, September 2005.〕 spoons, and toothbrushes〔 (see image). ==Indications and contraindications== Some patients at risk for foreign body ingestion may not be able to give an accurate medical history of ingestion, either due to age or mental illness. It is important that physicians treating these patients recognize the symptoms of esophageal foreign body impaction requiring urgent intervention. Most frequently, these include drooling and the inability to swallow saliva, neck tenderness, regurgitation of food, stridor and shortness of breath if there is compression of the trachea.〔 There are several situations in which endoscopic techniques are not indicated, such as for small blunt objects less than 2.5 cm which have already passed into the stomach (as these usually do not obstruct anywhere else), when there is perforation of the esophagus or mediastinitis (inflammation of structures around the esophagus), and for narcotic-containing bags or condoms that have been ingested, because of the risk of overdose if they are ruptured.〔 Foreign bodies should be removed from the esophagus within 24 hours of ingestion because of a high risk of complication. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「endoscopic foreign body retrieval」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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